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danbaron
03-02-2011, 09:05
The "off" topic is often more interesting than the topic!

My own view is that consciousness has something to do with memory and internal simulation of the world. I think any artificial system capable of this reflective behaviour really is conscious. After all, both animal nervous systems and computers rely on electronics, though the technology is very different.

Consciousness itself is as intangible as photons and electrons

I think I've mentioned him before. Colin McGinn, is a professor of philosophy at Rutgers. He has a book, which I have, and which, I guess I should read. It is called, "The Mysterious Flame - Conscious Minds in a Material World" (1999).

http://www.amazon.com/Mysterious-Flame-Conscious-Minds-Material/dp/0465014232/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1296715718&sr=1-1

From inside the front cover:

"Can consciousness be explained?

Is consciousness nothing more than the result of neurons firing through brain tissue? Or is it, as some claim, a fundamental reality like space, time and matter? In recent years the nature of consciousness - our immediately known experiences - has taken its place as the most profound problem in scientific discourse. Now in this brilliant and thoroughly accessible new book, Colin McGinn takes a provocative position on this perplexing problem.

Arguing that we can never truly "know" consciousness - that human intellect is simply not equipped to unravel this mystery - he demonstrates that accepting this limitation opens up a whole new field of investigation. Indeed, he asserts, consciousness is the best place from which to begin to understand the internal makeup of human intelligence, to investigate our cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and to explore the possibility of machine minds. The Mysterious Flame will challenge readers with intriguing questions about the very nature of our minds and brains."

Contents

1 Consciousness - Still Unexplained After All These Years
Consciousness Defined, 1
Materialism, 18
Dualism, 23

2 Natural Mysteries and Biased Minds
Knowledge and Ignorance, 31
The Structure of Intelligence, 37
How is Science Possible?, 41
Cognitive Closure, 43
Fugitive Concepts, 46
Combinations, 54
The Simplicity of Consciousness, 62
The Brain Again, 66
The Good News, 68

3 God, the Soul, and Parallel Universes
Origins, 77
Miracles, 83
Troubles with Dualism, 86
Dualism without God, 89
Panpsychism, 95
All Mind, 101

4 Mind Space
Found in Space, 105
Tiny Minds, 109
The Space Problem, 115
The Origins of Space, 119
The Nature of Space, 123
Naive and Real Space, 125
Space Blindness, 129

5 Secrets of the Self
Beyond the Appearances, 139
Logic and Blindsight, 145
The Embodied Mind, 151
You or Not You, 156
Freedom, 165
Death, 169

6 Could a Robot Get the Blues?
Meatless Minds, 175
Computers and Consciousness, 178
The Turing Test, 186
What is a Machime?, 192
Inorganic Brains, 196
Smart Zombies, 201

7 The Unbearable Heaviness of Philosophy
Philosophy and Science, 205
A Brief History of Thought, 209
The Form of the Solution, 214
New Brains for Old, 218
Philosophical Genes, 224
How Funny Are We?

Notes 233
Index 237

I don't know (I read part of the book a long time ago), but maybe he is saying that no matter how hard we look, we will never be able to find, "the ghost in the machine". Maybe we will be able to completely map the brain at the tiniest scale, and we will find that there is nothing special about it. Maybe, like a computer, it consists of many interconnected bits, each of which is always in one of two possible states. At any scale at which we look, the "ghost", will elude us. Maybe because, due to limitations in our brain's "wiring", we are and will always remain, blind to recognizing the consciousness "ghost".

There's no guarantee that says humans are capable of understanding everything, right? There's lots of things that I can understand, which I'm pretty sure my dogs and cats cannot understand. That fact does not astound me. So, I guess I shouldn't find it unbelievable if it turns out that we cannot use our minds, to fully understand our minds. In computer science, isn't the ability for a computer program to examine (and, so far, I guess in a primitive sense, to understand) itself, called, "reflection"? Do you think it is theoretically possible for reflection to be complete? (<-- rhetorical questions) Mathematicians admit that it is impossible for them to define every object they use. If they try, they either get circular definitions, or, an infinite chain of definitions. So, for instance, they usually do not try to provide a rigorous definition for a set.

(Concerning matter, I'm beginning to become more and more convinced, that at the smallest scale, there is nothing there. I guess I mean that at the smallest scale, matter becomes energy - whatever that means. In other words, I think that if you look at the smallest scale, there will be nothing to see. Maybe, outside of our universe, there is a running computer program, which determines how the "virtual matter" inside our universe, behaves.)

:mad::p

Charles Pegge
04-02-2011, 14:31
Another book on consciousness.

Soul Dust
Professor Nicholas Humphrey
http://www2.lse.ac.uk/publicEvents/events/2011/20110215t1830vHKT.aspx

The author was interviewed on the radio this morning. He likens consciousness to theatre. I have not come across this analogy before but it seems appropriate.

I think computer programs could be made recursively reflective. Those which are interpretive or can compile dynamically (in run time). With static compiling most symbolic information is discarded.

It would be an interesting challenge to write a program that could analyse itself and automatically optimise its own code, outwitting the original author :)


Charles

danbaron
04-02-2011, 22:26
The book sounds good. And it's brand new, too.

http://www.amazon.com/Soul-Dust-Consciousness-Nicholas-Humphrey/dp/0691138621/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1296850924&sr=1-1

How is consciousness possible? What biological purpose does it serve? Nicholas Humphrey has a radical new theory. Consciousness, he argues, is nothing less than a magical-mystery show that we stage inside our own heads – paving the way for spirituality, and allowing us to reap the rewards, and anxieties, of living in the 'soul niche'.

Roll up, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up AND THAT'S AN INVITATION, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up TO MAKE A RESERVATION, roll up for the mystery tour.
The magical mystery tour is waiting to take you away,
Waiting to take you away.

Roll up, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up WE'VE GOT EVERYTHING YOU NEED, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up SATISFACTION GUARANTEED, roll up for the mystery tour.
The magical mystery tour is hoping to take you away,
Hoping to take you away.

Roll up, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up AND THAT'S AN INVITATION, roll up for the mystery tour.
Roll up TO MAKE A RESERVATION, roll up for the mystery tour.
The magical mystery tour is coming to take you away,
Coming to take you away.
The magical mystery tour is dying to take you away,
Dying to take you away, take you away..


:o:p

danbaron
05-02-2011, 08:13
How long before machines write all of the code, and programmers (other than hobbyists) are out of business?

Then, how long before machines design the machines which write the code?, etc..

-----------------------------------------

This topic (consciousness) reminds me of the first regular season episode of, The Twilight Zone, which aired on November 13th, 1959. I guess it made a strong impression on me; otherwise, why would I still remember it?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lonely_%28The_Twilight_Zone%29

:eek:

Charles Pegge
05-02-2011, 10:38
That curious ditty set to music :)

Magical Mystery Tour
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hnrsqf33MXA


Consciousness as Theatre reminded me of Second Life. There is a comprehensive description in Wikipedia. Some groups are using it for real world applications - modelling, simulations, virtual meeting ground for company members, even a few embassies. Second Life has around 20 million members to date.

Charles

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Life

danbaron
06-02-2011, 14:46
Is all of this pretend world computer stuff so popular, because, for so many people the real world is so miserable? It's the modern version of Dungeons and Dragons? It's the guys who never moved out of their parents' house, and now their parents, are 70?

Do people like to program computers because it is the one area in which they feel a sense of mastery? In real life they feel as much control as leaves blown in the wind; but, when they write computer programs, they temporarily feel happy, strong, smart, in control, powerful, connected to other people?

:eek:

Charles Pegge
06-02-2011, 17:06
I am making a tour there. It is like a massively extended doll's house but the animations and graphics are very impressive. The majority of avatars are young females or so it appears on first encounter. (Basic forums by contrast are all monasteries :) ). Fashion and appearance are major themes in Second Life.

This may be an escape from life in the real world but then you might regard all game playing in the same light. At their best I think virtual worlds have huge potential to safely experiment with political and economic ideas which could greatly benefit our real geopolitical environment.

Charles

danbaron
06-02-2011, 23:35
I agree that they are monasteries, and, I wonder why that is true, for, in my experience, all programming forums.

I hope you are right about improving the world by "sealed environment" experimentation with political and economic ideas. But, in that case, I think you need to have participation by a realistic representation of society. In other words, each type of person must be proportionally represented, must be playing the game. I agree that the larger the number of people participating, the more likely it is that all types of real personalities will be proportionately virtually represented. Twenty million does seem like a lot.

Imagine in the future, when you go to work, you don't leave your house. You sit at your computer, and virtually drive or take the train to your virtual workplace. There, you virtually walk to your virtual cubicle. Throughout the (real) 8 hour day, you do your virtual work, and virtually interact with your virtual co-workers. At 5 PM, the end of your virtual workday, you and some of your virtual friends decide to go to a virtual neighborhood bar to shoot virtual pool, and drink virtual beer. There, you meet a beautiful, young, virtual female. Etc.

Or, imagine that instead, at 5 PM, you decide to go to your virtual home, eat virtual dinner, and then play the virtual virtual game, "Third Life", on your virtual computer. Does all of this make sense?

(The part about eating virtual dinner does seem realistic to me. In the real world, humanity has difficulty providing enough real food, for all of the real stomachs. That's the main problem I have with all of this super virtual technology. It seems to me that as technology progresses, the ability of humanity to provide water, food, shelter, health-care, and education to the majority of its constituents, regresses. So, partly I view this hyper-technology as an extravagance, a distraction, a luxury for the self-absorbed affluent. --> "Let them eat cake. No. Let them eat, - virtual cake.")

:rolleyes: